Two Unlikely Women in British Literature

Two Unlikely Women in British Literature Rachael Haines British Literature Summer Term Critical Essay Allison, the Wife of Bath in Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales and Lady Macbeth from Shakespeare’s Macbeth, are two striking ladies in writing who desert the desires for society on ladies of the time and rather use control to pick up force and control. These two ladies, Allison and Lady Macbeth are critical female characters since they speak to change in their separate social orders both in their conduct and in their normal cultural roles.Allison, a material producer, lives in a period following the Norman Invasion. The Anglo-Saxon ways including the more in any event, playing field between genders offered approach to â€Å"frenchified†, male-prevailing lifestyle. Ladies were required to serve their spouses yet Allison anticipates that her men should serve her. Woman Macbeth additionally acts out of the blue when she assumes control over things and doesn’t go abo ut as an accommodating and respectable lady should. Following the conveyance of the three witches’ message to Macbeth with respect to his destiny, Lady Macbeth in a split second acknowledged what is being compromised and frantically needs to change his fate.Instead of acting respectably and as a worker to her better half, she devises an arrangement where she will submit regicide and kill Duncan herself. She rather chooses to persuade Macbeth to submit the homicide himself. From the outset, the Wife of Bath may appear to be on the side of woman's rights yet Chaucer depicts her in express manners when he expounds on her hood, her red dress, her hips and especially her gapped teeth which were generally connected with desire during her time. Allison puts on a show of being experienced and proficient about men since she has had five husbands.Unlike the ladies of her time, Allison is predominant. She utilizes her body and sexuality to control and deal with her men. During her fifth marriage even a horrendous hit to the head on account of her significant other doesn’t stop her controlling conduct and she lies on the floor as though she is dead. She significantly professes to be dead from the blow so as to prompt worry with her better half. Woman Macbeth rapidly bounces into the main part of things when she finds out about her husband’s anticipated destiny. She and her significant other both need the riches and power.Lady Macbeth devises an arrangement to kill the lord with the goal that satisfaction of the witches’ message probably won't be met. Woman Macbeth is urgent. She feels her better half is too steadfast and not heartless enough; excessively powerless. Woman Macbeth, albeit striking and yearning perceives that she isn’t extremely fit in her present condition of doing kill. Rather she requests the heavenly capacity to be unsexed; to free herself of female characteristics with the goal that she can kill the lord. Rather than i ncreasing extraordinary force, Lady Macbeth persuades her better half to carry out the murder†¦freeing her from the weight of really perpetrating the crime.Lady Macbeth turns out to be just the impetus for her husband’s crazy dangerous conduct. The two ladies use control to get what they need and the two ladies live outside the cultural standards of their time. Notwithstanding, Allison at last is a substantially more tough character. Allison introduces herself as an advertiser of sexual opportunity and not an advertiser of woman's rights. She utilizes her sexual ability and her body to pick up what she implies that ladies need most; power over their spouses when bondage by the lady was normal. For Allison, her sexuality was her greatest stun factor.At initially meet, Lady Macbeth paints a picture of herself as a detestable sovereign; both solid and driven to hold her capacity. However it isn’t some time before we understand that Lady Macbeth can't deal with the bl ame related with being a homicide and submitting regicide despite the fact that her hands didn’t really submit the homicide, she pushed and upheld her better half in finishing the demonstrations. In a little while, the force hungry binge starts to negatively affect the aggressive Lady Macbeth. The crowd observers her crumbling wellbeing and mental solidness as she unproductively attempts to disavow the guilt.In this correlation, I find that while the two ladies were ladies outside of the standards of society they conveyed a change. They may have spoken to the dissatisfaction that ladies and men may have felt over the ever-changing society that the two journalists persevered. In any case, in regards to our driving women, Allison is an a lot more grounded character who can persevere through the evil impacts of her control, while Lady Macbeth succumbs to them in her speedy destruction. Neither of these strong, remarkable women were run of the mill women of their time.

Argument Analysis: America’s Real Dream Team Essay

In â€Å"America’s Real Dream team†, distributed in the New York Times on March 21, 2010, Thomas went to a major Washington gathering to go to the 2010 Intel Science Talent Search finals. Shockingly, Most of the finalists who originated from American secondary school hailed from worker families, generally from Asia. Thomas announces himself a â€Å"pro-immigration† devotee. He calls attention to keeping a consistent progression of legitimate migrants is the way to make our nation more grounded. He additionally clarified that the most significant monetary rivalry is among individuals and their own creative mind. What's more, this new thought can be utilized to deliver ware at an extremely low cost by a wide range of ways, and can makes extraordinary benefits for economy. Thomas Friedman utilized similitude, unique rundown, explicit models, and a genuine tone to delineate that it is conceivable to make increasingly innovative and prudent upgrades through an open mo vement arrangement. Thomas utilizes allegories in the title to make unlimited affiliation. While utilizing similitudes, it pulls in reader’s consideration as well as make a hinting for perusers to consider: what is America’s genuine dream group? After peruser contemplating the examination, it’s progressively helpful for him to clarify his own view in the contention. â€Å"Dream team† is a reference to the U.S. ball group gathered for the 1992 Olympic that contained the best players around then. Thomas thought about the youngsters who produce new plans to â€Å"dream team† to infer that these youngsters will utilize the new thoughts they started to make supernatural occurrences and will become the† genuine dream team† later on. Analogies here can make the theoretical simpler for perusers to see, also, it makes the language progressively striking. Notwithstanding illustrations, Thomas utilized an extraordinary measurements to make a conspicuous point: the majority of the finalists are moves. For the most part, the author will utilize measurements along these lines: there are 40 finalists altogether and what number of percent of them are moves, yet Thomas recorded all the names of the Intel science ability finalist. In that manner, while the perusers perusing the names of the finalists, they can without much of a stretch found that these are foreigners’ names so they can undoubtedly presume that a large portion of the finalists are moves, It gives the perusers sufficient opportunity to get it before he makes the end. All the more precisely, he makes the end with the peruser together. It appears that he is speaking with the perusers, and this can be progressively useful for the perusers to acknowledge his contention. He at that point gave a particular model toâ convince his proposition: â€Å"do not shut the entryway to immigrate† .From the insights, the perusers just realize that the vast majority of the finalists are moves, yet they don't have a clue how remarkable precisely these move are. Thomas gave us such a model: Namrata Anand, a 17year-old young lady. She is a so savvy understudy who can utilize otherworldly investigation capably to uncover data about substance history of â€Å"Andromeda Galaxy†. Clearly, Namrata is more exceptional than the friend understudies. Thomas utilized this guide to suggest that on the off chance that we shut our entryway to moves, we may misfortune loads of youngsters like her, which demonstrate the need of migration. What's more, it centers around the subject once more. Explicit model here can make it more clear simultaneously make it progressively convincing. Thomas utilized statements in different manners to communicate his view once more. Abo ve all else, Thomas met a science educator, Amanda Alonzo, a star instructor who had shown two of the finalists. Amanda let him know â€Å"it was assets given by her school, incredibly â€Å"supportive parents† and an award from Intel that let her go through piece of every day rousing and planning understudies to enter his contest.† Amanda is an effective instructor, what she said is enticing to the perusers, and Thomas cites her words to show move is a sort of good source. In the subsequent spot, Thomas cites what representative stated: â€Å"don’t sweat about the issues our age should manage. Trust me, our future is in acceptable hand.† As an agent all things considered, what she said can speak to what all finalists said satisfactorily. Furthermore, a large portion of the finalists are moves, it demonstrates that in the event that we make the way for moves, we can get increasingly astounding gifts to tackle the issues together. Moreover, Thomas makes augmentations â€Å"as long as we don’t shut our door.† to make it increasingly convincing: as long as we keep a consistent pace of moves, we’ll be progressively serious and we will without a doubt don’t need to stress over what we will confront tomorrow. In a word, cites here can give the proof to the contention. The creator utilize a genuine tone to contend that we should keep our entryway open to the moves. Earnest tones can make the peruser progressively agreeable. In the event that Thomas compose like† we should keep the entryway open to the immigrates† rather, it will just let the perusers feel disturbed. Also, earnest tone shows that he offer a guidance truly, which can be all the more handily acknowledged by others. Thomas utilized representations, exceptional measurements, explicit models, cites and a genuine tone to declare that we can continue improving innovation and theâ economy, as long as we don’t shut our entryway to movement. Illustration make the language progressively striking and representation in title can dazzle the perusers more. Extraordinary insights here can near the perusers and let the peruser discover the issues themselves. Explicit models here can make it simpler for the perusers to comprehend the theory profoundly, statements can makes the language increasingly brief and a true tone can make it simpler to acknowledge the view. Thomas use t hem in mix to get his proposal bit by bit.

How Student Behavioral Checklists Work

How Student Behavioral Checklists Work Theories Behavioral Psychology Print How Student Behavioral Checklists Work By Ann Logsdon Ann Logsdon is a school psychologist specializing in helping parents and teachers support students with a range of educational and developmental disabilities.   Learn about our editorial policy Ann Logsdon Updated on February 03, 2020 Imagesource/Getty Images More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology What is the definition of a behavioral checklist? In a nutshell, this checklist is an assessment tool used to determine whether a childs behavior  problems are severe. Learn more about behavioral checklists and whether your child requires such a tool with this review. What Makes Up a Behavioral Checklist Behavioral checklists usually include a series of questions about specific behaviors. People who know the child well are asked to complete the checklist. The checklists are scored, and they yield a score that enables comparison of a childs ratings compared to other children his or her age. This comparison allows evaluators to determine the degree of severity of a childs behavior problems. The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist, developed in the 1960s, is one of the most well-known behavioral checklists. It is named after psychiatrist Dr. Thomas Achenbach, who created  questionnaires to assess how children behave and emotionally function as well as their  social weaknesses and strengths. The checklist is designed for students between the ages of six and 18. The Achenbach system stands out for its well-rounded approach to measuring adaptive and maladaptive behaviors. Studies have linked the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) to  diagnostic and special education categories alike. The system has been translated into 100 languages and in addition to schools, it is used in  mental health programs, medical programs, child and family services departments, public health agencies, training programs, health insurance and more. It also offers applications with a culturally diverse or multicultural focus, making it suitable for use internationally. Behavioral checklist assessment tools help users make age-appropriate comparisons by offering scales that span a wide range of  age  groups. Behavioral Checklists and ADHD Behavioral checklists are often used to determine if a child has a behavioral disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD is an attention disorder characterized by a lack of focus, hyperactivity and poor impulse control. Children with ADHD may fidget or have a hard time sitting still. Such children may also blurt out answers in class, have difficulty completing assignments or forget to turn them in once they have been completed. They may also have difficulty completing complicated tasks in the classroom that require them to follow a series of steps. Moreover, these students may often lose materials, such as pencils, paper or notes to take home. To outsiders, children with ADHD may appear to be trouble-makers or bad kids, but their behavior problems stem from their disorder. If you suspect your child requires a behavioral checklist, dont hesitate to speak with her teacher, counselor, administrator or pediatrician about using this assessment tool to find out. There are many reasons why children act out, including trauma, divorce, or difficulties adjusting to a move. On the other hand, some children may behave disruptively because they have a behavior disorder or learning disability. Help your child get back on the right track by getting to the root of the problem. A behavioral checklist may be able to reveal the source of your childs behavior problems.

How to Write a Critical Thinking Paper

How to Write a Critical Thinking Paper? Writing a critical thinking paper involves the kind of analysis that reveals internal logic of the subject matter chosen. It is not merely description of facts and data to back the argument. It is the analysis of how things happen to be, why they are done in a particular way and what development might be in the regarded framework. The analysis of the topic information, preceding critical thinking paper, includes critical reading and proper information arrangement. Start with skimming the sources on subject matter to outline the topic and to have a clear picture in front of you. Reread the most interesting and informative articles to pick up subject relevant details. Trace internal logic of facts and data, look up for unique ways of thinking regarding your topic. Use short notes or note cards to arrange information for structure analysis. Process the data and create your own argument based on the accumulated data. Tend to use trusted and reputable sources. As soon as you are done with the analytical part, make draft writing on a pad or sheet of paper. Hand writing is a mechanical action that directly appeals to mental categorization mechanisms via language, which automatically add to your performance in thinking and writing. Use a standard structure with introductory paragraph grabbing readers’ attention and outlining the overall paper structure. The main part renders the argument, reasoning and your personal ideas supported by facts and their critical analysis. Start a new paragraph for every new idea and provide transition to the paragraph that follows. Draw a unique and original conclusion leaning upon the data analyzed and your own view of the subject matter.

Thomas More s Utopia And The Problem A Selfish Community

Josh Eldridge Dr. Blair ENGL 1101 Oct. 2, 2015 Thomas More’s Utopia and the Problem a Selfish Community What is an ideal society? As described in Utopia by Sir Thomas More, a utopia is close to ideal because it assumes that the population is not ideal. He describes Utopia as being a place where the laws are built in such a way that makes that makes immoral thinking irrational. Utopia operates in a way that people act in the community’s best interest, rather than their own. In Utopia, More argues that a community that acts in the interest of the community, is much better than a community of individuals who only act in their own best interest. One of the many things that make Utopia an ideal society is how their work habits differ from the world we live in. All citizens in Utopia work on farms along learning a useful skill that they learn at an earlier age through apprenticeship. Children learn trades such as blacksmithing weaving, carpentry, or tailoring. But if a young boy shows a desire and proficiency in another skill, arrangements are made for that young man to learn under another apprenticeships. The only citizens that are exempted from manual labor, are those who show great intellectual potential; these members assume jobs such as ambassadors and priests. In European society, people are expected to work unreasonable hours each day. Meanwhile in Utopia, their day is already planned out. They only work six, three before lunch, and then 3 after, the sleep for eightShow MoreRelated`` Utopia `` By John De Mol1719 Words   |  7 Pagesof the biggest â€Å"perfect world† is Jonestown in Guyana. All these â€Å"perfect societies† was attempted, but never succeeded. A positive perfect world, where every single member living in it joyfully and without worries is a Utopia. Dutch media tycoon John de Mol once said, â€Å" Utopia is a positive and constructive program that gives people the opportunity, if you can start all over again, start from scratch and create laws and make decis ions, will you be able to build a society that is better than theRead MoreI ve Always Associated The World Utopia Essay1871 Words   |  8 PagesI’ve always associated the world â€Å"Utopia† with something negative. The reason for that might be that in Russian language it’s consonant with the word â€Å"drown†. As contrasting as it may sound, it makes a lot of sense for me. People are drowning in their dreams about the better world, which they don t have. We don’t appreciate what we have at all. It’s in a human nature to want something better than they have at the moment. This has pushed me towards an idea that maybe it’s in a human nature to neverRead MoreHobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Machiavelli Essay1855 Words   |  8 Pagesthat it was human nature to be selfish, opportunistic, cynical, dishonest, and gullible, which in essence, can be true. The state of nature was one of conflict; but conflict, Machiavelli reasoned, could be beneficial under the organization of a ruler. Machiavelli did not see all men as equal. He felt that some men were better suited to rule than others. I believe that this is true in almost any government. However, man in general, was corrupt -- always in search of more power. He felt that becauseRead MoreCompare and Contrast Communism, Socialism, and Capitalism2094 Words   |  9 PagesWhat is communism? Communism is a term used broadly to designate a ‘theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.’ It refers to the doctrine which underlines the revolutionary movement which aims to abolish capitalism and ultimately to establish a society in which all goods will be socially owned, all economic activates socially planned and controlled, and in which all distributionsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello : Race And Performance6373 Words   |  26 PagesA ccording to Harpham, ?Ethics does not solve problems, it structures them? (404). Ethics, he argues further, helps humans to articulate and negotiate questions of moral law and the human other. Shakespeare?s Othello serves as a brilliant example of how literature explores such questions. The essays and texts that will be discussed here can help readers articulate and negotiate those questions?both in Othello and in the world. The characters in Shakespeare?s play use language to ?other? Othello. Read MoreGame Theory and Economic Analyst83847 Words   |  336 Pagesevolution of one of its concepts, or a problem that runs through its development. Others are original pieces of work that are signiï ¬ cant to game theory as a whole. After taking the reader through a concise history of game theory, the contributors discuss such topics as: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ the connections between Von Neumann’s mathematical game theory and the domain assigned to it today since Nash the strategic use of information by game players the problem of the coordination of strategic choicesRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization theory the book increases the understanding of a field that in recent years has become ever more fragmented. Organization theory is central to managing, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational

Overview of the Stock Market Free Essays

Over the past few years, many millionaires have been created due to the economical explosion of the stock market. The market isn†t just growing, as it did in the mid to late seventies; but it is on steroids, and is growing like never before. Backed by the relentless, yet sometimes spasmodic, growth of the NASDAQ Composite, Wall Street†s impact on the future cannot be denied. We will write a custom essay sample on Overview of the Stock Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now For as long as the market has been in existence, drastic changes such as these have never taken place. What awesome power could have produced so much money in so little time? What colossal force could have caused the United States† economy to flourish? The answer lies in one, simple, recently coined phrase: the tech stock. The stock market has been around since people traded silver for ownership of cargo 200 years ago, yet many people don†t know how it works, or where their money goes when they purchase a stock; they simply think â€Å"buy low, sell high. † Although this is a good basic investment plan, it is imperative that one knows where his money is headed when he buys a thousand dollars worth of a specific stock. When one purchases a stock, they are actually purchasing part of a company (Brian 1). The reason one would do this is because he wants part of the profits of the company. If one purchases 1% of a company, he will receive 1% of the income, to put it in a simplified manner. The money the company gains from selling their stock is placed back into the company. This way, the company can grow, and produce more profits for the stockholders. The company†s value is represented by the stock price on the stock exchange (Brian 2). Over time, a method of judging a stock†s performance, called the â€Å"profit to earning ratio† was created. P/E is shorthand for the ratio of a company’s share price to its per-share earnings. For example, a P/E ratio of 10 means that the company has $1 of annual, per-share earnings for every $10 in share price (Green 1). † This ratio basically represents how much money the investor is putting in per dollar earned. This was generally a good thing to look at when choosing a stock to invest in, but the P/E ratio can be misleading, especially in the few tech stocks that have tremendous stock prices, yet have little net profit. No one knows exactly when the tech stock came about, but it seems like it came all at once. The phrase â€Å"tech stock† simply refers to all stocks that deal with any form of technology related, directly or indirectly, to the computer or computer chips. A good portion of the popular tech stocks today deal with the Internet (Brian 4). One reason for this is the easy access by millions of people worldwide. Small companies are able to reach out to the whole globe with just a few bucks, and thus become prosperous over a short amount of time. Just a few of the most popular tech stock corporations include: Microsoft, Apple, TI, Amazon, Yahoo, and Dell. Companies such as Microsoft, Apple and Dell are companies that handle computers directly, and have been around for a long time (NASDAQ 5) TI creates many semiconductors that are found in most all products that have computer chips in them. Amazon and Yahoo are both directly related to the Internet. These companies are popular due to their originality and business management. However, popularity hardly gains profit, so why is it that Yahoo can make so much money on the stock market? Surprisingly and ironically enough, it is precisely popularity that causes its gains. Because of the popularity, people continue to purchase Yahoo†s stock. Although the company isn†t making direct profit, it certainly makes a lot of money from the stock purchases, so the company actually makes the money off of the stock market (Brian 5). Rare, indeed, to see this at such an extreme. With all of this success must come organization, and thus is the role of the NASDAQ Composite. Although NASDAQ came about long before the rise of tech stocks, it now represents the growth that they portray. This is mostly due to the large volume of blue chip Internet stocks that have joined the Composite, as well as the small technical companies that are looking for a big break. Duarte summarizes the whole NASDAQ universe in once sentence; â€Å"The NASDAQ is fueled by blue chip stocks and small caps which explode into high-earnings (Technology 1). † And explode it did. In just over one year, â€Å"The Index gained 1876. 62 points and 85. 59 percent for the year. The NASDAQ Composite Index also eclipsed the 3000 and 4000 point milestones during the last quarter of 1999† (Nasdaq 1). This far surpasses the Dow Jones Industrial, which only gained 25. 22% over the 1999-2000 year. â€Å"The market†s best index performers were the computer, telecommunications, and biotechnology up 105. 03 percent, 102. 71 percent and 101. 64 percent respectively† (Nasdaq 2). This obviously displays a growing interest in the tech stock, which has caused this major uprising to occur. One may wonder how the Dow Jones Industrial got off so bad, because, after all, it represents our nations largest companies. For a long time, the Dow Jones Industrial has represented the stock market as a whole, but times change. One cause of this change is the high interest rates that affect the corporate stocks such as Wal-Mart and ExxonMobil. These stocks reduce in price as a result of this, and therefore, the Dow average reflects the decrease. The Dow Jones blue chips remain stable, but haven†t increased dramatically, and this isn†t sufficient to make up for the losses of the stocks that tanked, such as banking stocks, financial stocks, and oil marketing stocks (Duarte, Technology 1). One thing that everyone wonders is â€Å"Is the gold rush over? † The answer is no, not as of 3-2-00, anyway. However, all good things must come to an end; the question is when. Milton Friedman and Alan Greenspan are both major authorities in Wall Street, and when they speak, the world of investors listens. The one bad thing is this, they usually never agree. In late 1999, Friedman â€Å"suggested the current market looks similar to the pre-crash markets in the U. S. in 1929 and the pre-crash market in Japan in 1989. † Soon after, â€Å"Greenspan made equally scary remarks about the stock market and the wealth effect† (Duarte, Greenspan 1). These are remarkable authorities in the world of investing, but these notes don†t specifically talk about the tech stock falling. Some people believe that the so-called â€Å"crash† that they spoke of has already happened at the turn of the millennium, when both the Dow Jones and the Nasdaq fell at record-breaking volumes. This proved that the NASDAQ wasn†t invincible with its precious tech stocks, but it also started an ugly observation that whatever the Dow does, the NASDAQ does at a more flamboyant rate (Jennings 1). This simply means that if the Dow goes up a little, the NASDAQ goes up a lot. When the Dow drops a little, the NASDAQ drops a lot (Fool 9). However, there†s no concrete evidence to prove this theory that they are connected somehow. January 4th, 2000; a sigh of relief sweeps the world as nothing too terribly devastating happens on the turn of the millennium. However, this sigh turns quickly into a gasp; at least for those watching the stock market. The Dow Jones plummets nearly 360 points, and NASDAQ plummets nearly 230 points in just one trading day. The next two days, NASDAQ continues to fall another 200 points, resulting in nearly a 8% drop in just three days. It recovers from this drop in only about two days, only to drop back into a lower pit in three more days. Those who held onto their pocketbooks for this roller coaster ride found a light at the end of the tunnel, and by the end of February, the Composite had climbed to the 4600 mark, 600 points higher than at the beginning of the year (Fool 1). Many other times in the first quarter of 2000 NASDAQ took a hefty fall, but it always regrouped and rallied to surpass it is original price. Another thing to remember is that NASDAQ isn†t made entirely of tech stock blue chips such as Dell and Amazon (Nasdaq 1). It is also made up of small caps that fail, large caps that fail, and those penny stocks that people get so worked up about†¦ that also fail; so it is hard to judge how well tech stocks are actually doing by looking directly at the NASDAQ Composite or P/E ratios. Tech stocks are still a relatively new thing for the market, and investors haven†t yet predicted their fate. However, they are still intensely popular, and as long as they are popular, people will keep buying; and, of course, if people buy them, they will raise in value. Technology is not going away any time soon, there†s no doubt about that; the future is now. Computers rule our lifestyle, making everything faster, easier, cheaper, more efficient; and these tech stocks represent our new economy based on this new efficient system. Even though they may not present themselves as strongly as they once did, tech stocks are definitely here to stay. How to cite Overview of the Stock Market, Essay examples

Sample on Learning & Control Technique of Project Management

Question: Discuss about the Project Management for Learning and Control Techniques. Answer: Introduction: Nicolette Larson is the tournament director of the Manchester United Club. This case study is elaborating the experience of Nicolette Larson while she was explaining the first meeting of the Manchester United Tournament and that was arranging one committee. Nicolette Larson was elected as the director and she had the responsibility to arrange and organize the clubs first summer tournament. In contrast with the project management theories Nicolette Larson maintained all the project management functionalities such as she supported project initiation, planning, monitoring and controlling process. The club was established in the year of 1992 and it was started with just 24 boys and girls. This club was affiliated with the Hampshire Soccer Association. According to Nicolette Larson, the club needs funds and support of the sponsor in order to arrange the tournament. In addition to this, Nicolette Larson also explained the starting phase of the meeting that was held for arranging the soccer tournament. All of the members of the meeting took part into the discussions coming one by one. In contrast to the project planning and controlling measures, all of the team members reviewed the stages of organizing the tournament with respect to various critical situations. This aspect of the concerned case study shows the integration and scope management concept involved within a project management perspective. As a responsible head or director of the soccer tournament Nicolette Larson provide scopes to the meeting members to elaborate their experiences about various tournaments they have wi tnessed. There were various discussions on injustice happened in tournament that Nicolette Larson noticed and noted it for further proceedings. Nicolette Larson also stated that the team members also suggested for various fund arranging options. Overall, from the point of view of a project manager, Nicolette Larson fulfilled encourages all the stakeholders involved in this tournament in order to make the tournament successful one. She make stakeholders inspired for the tournament. In this project of organizing the tournament, effective communication management and procurement management process are being considered within the meeting arranged. The procurement management involves the concern for equipments and resources needed for the project development. The team members suggested effective materials and resources for arranging the tournament successfully. In case of the communication management, arrangement of meeting is showing the effective measures from the point of view of team members in order to arrange the tournament. Major Deliverables for Soccer Tournament of Manchester United Soccer Club Rules of the tournament 1. Selection of players 2. Rules of ground 1. Basic Soccer Rule 2. Scheduling Game 3. Entry Fees Playground arrangement 1. Contact to local college 2. Design of fields 3. Playing kit 1. Examination of Field 2. Hiring filed 3. Dimension of field 4. Gallery of Viewers 5. Shade of Players 6. Goal- post 7. Soccer balls Collection of sponsor 1. Sponsor selection 2. Collection of funds Referees and artists 1. Quality of referees 2. Hiring of artists 1. Main Referee 2. Slide share Referee 3. Designing Tea Shirts 4. Sweatshirt Designing Final plan 1. Tele coverage 2. Rewards and gifts 1. Trophy 2. Man of Tournament 3. Best Goal The work breakdown structure is helpful in realizing all of the segmented parts for a project. Following are the problems faced by the members at the first meeting: The members were concerned about hiring qualified referees for reducing odd decisions. In addition to this, the members were also concerned for contacting the local colleges for finding a proper playground for match. Entry fees were another aspect under their concern. Collection of funds make the members think about the local sponsors. The members also suggested for sweatshirts and T-shirts. Therefore, WBS is helpful in understanding the tasks involved within a project. In addition to this, this WBS can help Nicolette Larson to arrange the program in fruitful way. Nicolette Larson can collect the information from the co-workers with the help of the Brain-storming strategy. Other than this she can take help from other soccer clubs for arranging this tournament. In addition to this, media can also help Nicolette Larson to collect information. Nicolette Larson can get the overview of the cost structure of soccer tournament from the Work Breakdown Structure. Crucial objective behind this tournament is to gain profit; therefore, WBS will provide effective support to gain project profitability. In addition to this, the task and responsibilities can also be divided into the project members. WBS also provides a feature of recording and collecting all the expenses incurred into the project development. Though WBS is very difficult to design but it has the capability to schedule, estimate and distribution of responsibilities among all the stakeholders. Bibliography Boud, D., Cohen, R., Sampson, J. (Eds.). (2014).Peer learning in higher education: Learning from and with each other. Routledge. Burke, R. (2013). Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Heagney, J. (2016).Fundamentals of project management. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Leach, L. P. (2014).Critical chain project management. Artech House. Martinelli, R. J., Milosevic, D. Z. (2016).Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager. John Wiley Sons. Mir, F. A., Pinnington, A. H. (2014). Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), 202-217. Phillips, J. (2013).PMP, Project Management Professional (Certification Study Guides). McGraw-Hill Osborne Media. Sears, S. K., Sears, G. A., Clough, R. H., Rounds, J. L., Segner, R. O. (2015).Construction project management. John Wiley Sons. Turner, R. (2016).Gower handbook of project management. Routledge. Walker, A. (2015).Project management in construction. John Wiley Sons.

Walmart Case Essay Example For Students

Walmart Case Essay Definition of Main Problem: There can be no argument that Wal*Mart has revolutionized the discount retailing industry. Furthermore, CEO Glass and COO Soderquist have stepped in at the helm of this company and continued to take it in the right direction by quadrupling sales and profits from 1987 to 1993. The main problem they now face is how to sustain their phenomenal performance, and becoming number one has magnified this issue. No longer can they just sneak into small towns where the only competition is the local merchants shop. No longer can they copy larger companies like Sears and J. C. Pennys because of their size and scope. The fact is, Wal*Mart is bigger than these companies and their direct competitors Kmart and Target are doing everything in their power to close that gap. They are lurking not so quietly in the shadows, benefiting from Wal*Marts past choices, successes, and failures. They are there to blow the whistle if Wal*Mart steps outside the lines. Wal*Mart may be growing, but at a rate under 10% for the first time in years. Shareholders are concerned, the press is relentless, and many obstacles lie in their path if they hope to continue the trends Sam Walton set so ambitiously in 1962. Analysis: With one of their main issues being sustained profitability, Wal*Mart is at a critical time in their life. They are no longer the hero, a place commonly reserved for competitors striving to be number one, because Wal*Mart is number one. No one can debate how effective they have been in getting here. Through their focus on superior technology and low cost leadership, Wal*Mart reigned supreme. They are redefining Porters five forces model in the discount retailing industry, and are in the enviable position of having first movers advantage. We will write a custom essay on Walmart Case specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Yet this blessing is also a curse. By virtue of their efficient, effective system and its proven success, companies like Kmart and Target are watching closely and both emulating and improving upon this system. An analysis of the five forces model will show Wal*Marts main competitive advantages in supplier power and barriers to entry. A look into their distribution centers and how they have been instrumental in reducing supplier power will be followed by an analysis of how effective first mover advantage has been and where they must take it next. Early in the history of the company, Walton recognized the importance of backward integration as a means to pass on lower prices to consumers. Though supplier power is high in the retail discounting industry, Wal*Mart changed the game with their two-step hub-and-spoke distribution network. Though building 1,000,000 square foot distribution centers seems costly, it allows Wal*Mart to purchase from their suppliers at a significantly reduced cost and deliver to their stores with 48 hours, sometimes even 24 hours. The networks become so effective that 80% of their inventory comes directly from these 27 centers. In contrast, Kmart has only 50% of their products coming from distribution centers with a full half being shipped directly from suppliers into their stores, thus raising costs to Kmart and their customers. Systems such as cross-docking are also aiding Wal*Mart in their fight to streamline every process by reducing inventory and restocking costs. Another decision that demonstrates Wal*Marts commitment to the future is their unyielding emphasis on superior information technology. Beginning in 1983 and standard by 1988, electronic scanning of Uniform Product Codes was installed in Wal*Mart stores. This and similar programs were effective in ensuring accurate pricing and reducing shrinkage, yet Kmart recognized its importance as well, and by 1990, had similar systems in place in its stores as well. Secondly, a $700 million investment in satellite systems made communication between headquarters, distribution centers, and stores much more effective. With this in place, sales data could be analyzed immediately and effectively, and Wal*Mart could better control inventory levels as well. Also instrumental as a means to achieving these ends was electronic data interchange. While UPC and satellite systems allowed sales to be collected and analyzed daily, EDI enabled 3,600 vendors to receive orders and interact with Wal*Mart electronically. All of these systems provided Wal*Mart the leeway to charge lower prices than their competitors, and though no supplier accounted for .

Osmolarity and Osmolality in Chemistry

Osmolarity and Osmolality in Chemistry Osmolarity and osmolality are units of solute concentration that are often used in reference to biochemistry and body fluids. While any polar solvent could be used, these units are used almost exclusively for aqueous (water) solutions. Learn what osmolarity and osmolality are and how to express them. Osmoles Both osmolarity and osmolality are defined in terms of osmoles. An osmole is a unit of measurement that describes the number of moles of a compound that contribute to the osmotic pressure of a chemical solution. The osmole is related to osmosis and is used in reference to a solution where osmotic pressure is important, such as blood and urine. Osmolarity Osmolarity is defined as the number of osmoles of solute per liter (L) of a solution. It is expressed in terms of osmol/L or Osm/L. Osmolarity depends on the number of particles in a chemical solution, but not on the identity of those molecules or ions. Sample Osmolarity Calculations A 1 mol/L NaCl solution has an osmolarity of 2 osmol/L. A mole of NaCl dissociates fully in water to yield  two moles  of particles: Na  ions and Cl-  ions. Each mole of NaCl becomes two osmoles in solution. A 1 M solution of sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, dissociates into 2 sodium ions and 1 sulfate anion, so each mole of sodium sulfate becomes 3 osmoles in solution (3 Osm). To find the osmolarity of a 0.3% NaCl solution, you first calculate the molarity of the salt solution and then convert the molarity to osmolarity. Convert percent to molarity:0.03 % 3 grams / 100 ml 3 grams / 0.1 L 30 g/Lmolarity NaCl moles / liter (30 g/L) x (1 mol / molecular weight of NaCl) Look up the atomic weights of Na and Cl on the periodic table and add the together to get the molecular weight. Na is 22.99 g and Cl is 35.45 g, so the molecular weight of NaCl is 22.99 35.45, which is 58.44 grams per mole. Plugging this in: molarity of the 3% salt solution (30 g/L) / (58.44 g/mol)molarity 0.51 M You know there are 2 osmoles of NaCl per mole, so: osmolarity of 3% NaCl molarity x 2osmolarity 0.51 x 2osmolarity 1.03 Osm Osmolality Osmolality is defined as the number of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent. It is expressed in terms of osmol/kg or Osm/kg. When the solvent is water, osmolarity and osmolality may be nearly the same under ordinary conditions, since the approximate density of water is 1 g/ml or 1 kg/L. The value changes as the temperature changes (e.g., the density of water at 100 C is 0.9974 kg/L). When to Use Osmolarity vs Osmolality Osmolality is convenient to use because the amount of solvent remains constant, regardless of changes in temperature and pressure. While osmolarity is easy to calculate, its less difficult to determine because the volume of a solution changes according to temperature and pressure. Osmolarity is most commonly used when all measurements are made at a constant temperature and pressure. Note a 1 molar (M) solution will usually have a higher concentration of solute than a 1 molal solution because solute accounts for some of the space in the solution volume.

Analysis of a Job Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Analysis of a Job - Assignment Example Further, the traditional career stages will be examined and the plan that will help to avoid declining employee performance during certain stages in the career will be worked out. To appoint the best person for a certain job position, it is essential to understand the nature of that job. Here the job analysis helps to develop such understanding, exploring the tasks that will be performed in a job, the competencies that are required for doing those tasks and the link between the tasks and competencies. Job analysis can also be used to identify not only job requirements, but also fields that need development. For the administrative assistant in the newly formed organization, there should be created specific job description, because such person will deal with everything in the company and will be its ears and eyes. The description of job duties should be practical, clear and accurate to effectively define company needs. The administrative assistant is required to: possess at least one foreign language; to be able to coordinate visitors coming, create agendas and transfer maps; organize business trips (purchase tickets and book accommodation); be able to prepare documents for obtaining visas (to prepare all necessary document that precede visa getting: the invitations, the company guarantee documents, etc.); support company expats and missioners (to prepare all necessary document that precede getting residence permit and the registration in the apartment: the official invitations); assist in creation of corporate business policies and procedures that relate to the position; assist in budgeting the expenses and making the reports of the services and goods related to the position; check and track the correctness of the documents provided by the third parties: the waybills, tax invoices, the write off acts etc.; assist in checking of the correctness of the

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 39

English - Essay Example This paper therefore analyzes the main factors that are responsible for influencing success in British education system. Moore, Aiken and Chapman (2009) explain and insist that the main factor responsible for academic success in the education system of Britain is the social status and income of the student under consideration. Oneill (2008) explain that the high social status of a student will positively affect the test score that the child attains in class. Students coming from high social class enjoy the best facilities and materials that can help them to attain higher scores while they are in school. Furthermore, the parents or guardians of these children have the capability of taking them to private schools, that have highly qualified and talented teachers who will guide them on their academic performances or study. Furthermore, King (2008) explains that most people who come from high social backgrounds, their guardians or parents have a sound education background. It is based on this education background that these guardians will use to encourage their children or students to work hard in school, giving them all the necessary support needed for purposes of achieving this objective. Furthermore, these students are able to interact with their peers, who come from the same social class, having similar academic objectives, and hence motivating themselves, regarding academic studies and performances. It is important to understand that peer pressure plays a great role in influencing the behavior of a child (Oneill, 2008). Bad peer groups will negatively affect the child, making them loss interest in academics, as well as other social areas that can play a role in their growth. On the other hand, good peer groups play an important role in motivating a child to work hard in whatever he or she endeavors to undertake. King (2008)

Employee Development Case Study

Employee Development Case Study Companies of the 21st century have to engage in Employee Development, in order for the organisation to achieve its goals. It has to develop its main core of the company which is the employees which are the assets that drives the company to its goals. Therefore it is important to place employee development in the context of the business strategies. Employee development includes training and skill development of the employee, an emphasis on the internal advancement of the entry-level or low-skilled workers (Insight 2009). Encouraging employees to acquire new or advanced skills, knowledge and viewpoints by providing learning and training facilities and avenues where new ideas can be applied. Development is a specific state of growth or advancement. Employee development or career development is an on-going refinement of job mastery and professional development coupled with career planning activities. Job mastery is necessary skills to successfully perform one job. (Guide to Human Managing Resources) Learning is the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study experience or taught. Information is knowledge and knowledge requires learning. In this era of the century, there is a strong emphasis on human capital despite financial and physical assets. Training means giving new and current employees the skill they need to perform their jobs (Human Resource Management Text Book) Training are able to improve employees efficiency and motivation leading the organization to gain productivity and job satisfaction. Chapter Two Company background Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad (Dutch Lady Malaysia) the leader in branded quality dairy business in Malaysia. Incorporated in 1963, Dutch Lady was the first milk company in Malaysia to be listed on Bursa Malaysia, the local Stock Exchange in 1968. Its holding company is Royal Friesland Campina, a Dutch multinational corporation and one of the largest milk companies in the world. Permodalan Nasional Berhad is the second largest shareholder in the Company. (Figure 1) Dutch Lady Malaysia manufactures and sells a variety dairy products and fruit juices for the home and export market such as Infant Formula, Growing-up Milk, Powdered Milk, Condensed Milk, UHT Milk, Sterilised Milk, Pasteurised Milk, Cultured Milk, Yoghurt and Fruit Juice Drinks. The Companys dairy products have a strong consumer following and are represented by strong brands such as Dutch Lady, Frisolac, Friso, Completa, Omela and Joy. Dutch Lady motto is Great ready for Life as it applies to the products that they carry is also applies to the employees of Dutch as they use employee development to build the employees. At Dutch Lady Office in Malaysia, the 600 employees continue to discover ideal environment for lively, approachable team players who combine initiative with a genuine enthusiasm to learn. In Dutch Lady Human Resource faces challenges from all levels from executives to managers, and these employees are being challenged daily by frustrated employees. Human resource challenges is costing the company time, money, resources, lost opportunities, and reduced productivity, (taken from www.dutchlady.com.my) Chapter Three Literature Review In order for the organization to perform effectively training needs analysis (TNA) needs to assist in identifying the needs of the employee that needs to be trained is it at departmental or organizational level. Training needs analysis need to ensure that training addresses existing problems, and is tailored to organisational objectives, delivered in an effective and cost efficient manner. (Chartered Management Institute 2005) Training is one of the most important strategies for organizations to help employees gain proper knowledge and skills needed to meet the environmental challenges. (European Journal of Social Science 2010) Employee development program and activities can be costly in terms of time and resources that organizations devote to them. Often such programs and activities must be justified by demonstrating their potential for adding value to the organization. (Employee Perceived Cost, 2008) This will help strengthen the organization by increasing motivation and current information about the organization, helps employees makes their career development goals more realistic. Opportunities for promotion and/or lateral moves contribute to the employees career satisfaction and attention to career development helps you attract top staff and retain valued employee (Guide to Human Managing Resources). It can also be looked into another direction whereby the organization will create a condition where employees believe that their organization value their contribution and care about their employment. It creates an obligation by the employees towards the organization and in turn willingness by employees to work hard to increase the organizations effectiveness (International Journal of Human Resource Management). (Arthur 1994; Woods and de Menezes 1998). According to Grawitch, et al. (2006), the practices that contribute to employee development have been linked to employee commitment to the organization, increased productivity and decreased absenteeism and turnover. Skill development contributes to learning opportunities. (Guide to Human Managing Resources) The disadvantage of development is performance pay which is based on individual performance rating, and not the group coordination or organizational productivity (Kerr, 1995; Kohn, 1993) Journal of Human Resources Education Performance Appraisal Reappraised: Its Not All Positive 2007 The challenge that is always encountered is retaining employees. In order to in still commitment the employees, organizations have resorted to promoting long term career path through development programs. (SAM Advanced Management Journal 2001) Previously, it was common to have in-house training or reimbursing employees for the cost of taking classes at the school. But such general skills acquired were not enough for employees to perform specific jobs or future jobs in the future. By General Motors and McDonalds pioneering the university concept allows employees to access their skills and compare them against organization and industry standards. This encourages the employees to cultivate skills in both their current employment and future employment. With this employees appreciate the ability to improve their skill, but for much discipline are difficult to maintain. (SAM Advanced Management Journal 2001) Knowledge is regarded as key asset of employees and ability to acquire and use it as a core competence. (New Zealand applied business journal) (Argyris, 1991; Drucker 1992; Ulrich, 1998) A learning organization works in an environment in which people continually expand their capacity to create the results they truly desire, where new and expansive patterns of thinking are nurtured, where collective aspiration is set free, and where people are continually learning how to learn together. (Journal of Workplace Learning 2008) Peter Senge (1990, p. 3), the learning organization concept in his book, The Fifth Discipline, Those who are learning oriented will find great value in activities that will assist them in developing and improving their skills. (Journal of Management Development 2008) (Dweck and Leggett, 1988 The negative employees with a low learning-orientation do not value this kind of emphasis on growth and learning, and as a result are not highly committed to the organization. (Journal of Management Development 2008) Challenges that were encountered with learning are that computer based training programs tend to be entirely self-directed. The program results to have low rate of success. Experts believe that the human element needs to be involved. (SAM Advanced Management Journal 2001) In technology-based training several companies, like Honeywell, and QUALCOMM employees tend to resist technology based training as the employees do not understand the method it is conducted and fair returns will not be possible. Example, some employees are hand-on learners and do not adapt to computer-based training, when developing a training program, keep in mind that the workforce has many different types of learners. (SAM Advanced Management Journal 2001) In a relationship between commitment and training a sample of the numerous possible backgrounds that have been explored include perception, and benefits such as career, job related, personnel (Mathieu and Martineau,1997), satisfaction (Tannenbaum et al,1991), self-efficacy (Saks,1995), individual variables, such as age, education level , and gender (Meyer and Allen ,1984; Collarelli et al,1987;Mathieu and Zajac,1990) European Journal of Social Science Vol 14 No 1 2010 Training can also be considered as employee turnover. If the new skills that have been acquired by the employee and the skill are of high value to other organization, the organisation will risk losing their trained employee. (European Journal of Social Science Vol 14 No 1 2010) The ability to manage the cost of training and keep within the budget of the organization proves to be a challenge. Trying to prove to the management that training is part of the organization even when organization is not into training. (European Journal of Social Science Vol 13 2010) In today fast pace technology era, technology is changing the way the organization is operated. Technology devices that employees are trained to use today will be obsolete tomorrow. The organization has to train the staff to keep abreast with the changing technology. (European Journal of Social Science Vol 13 2010) In order for training to be a success in the strategic human resource management literature, training is an important factor for lowering turnover and improving organizational performance (Richard Devinney, Yip, and Johnson, 2009). One way in which this can be achieved in the provision of training and fostering high organizational commitment to enhance the retention of employees and customers. Schlesinger and Heskett (1991) views high employee turnover as a factor of cycle of failure. The result of it is that discourages management from investing in hiring, training, which leads to ineffective performance and it, will also affect service quality and customer loyalty. Chapter Four Proposed Employees Development Plan The reason for conducting a TNA is to ensure the training effectiveness (Blanchard and Thacker, 2003; Goldstein and Ford, 2002; and Noe, 2005), ensure return of investment in the training, minimise errors made in the training programs (Elbadri, 2001)., try to solve performance problems and in the absence of TNA the training program will have little or no contribution to the achievement of the organization objectives. (International Review of Business Research Papers 2007) The systematic method of conducting needs analysis is that the process is based on specific method of information gathering technique whereby it is conducted in stages with one affecting (Directory Journal 2007) another and helping to shape the next stage, there is no short-cut is available to carry out the process because every situation requires observing, probing, analysing and deducting. When completed, needs analysis would be a wise investment for the organization by saving time, finance and resources on solving the right problems. Organizations that do not support needs analysis make costly mistakes training is either used in an effective, non-effective manner or too little or there is no follow up. (Directory Journal 2007) The data collection method can be divided into two categories quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative will be the using of survey questionnaire; where else qualitative will involve interviews. (Wagonhurst 2002). Questionnaire is an interview on paper (Figure 2). Advantages of conducting a questionnaire is that every person input can be included. Employees can complete the questionnaires as and when they choose to. The data that is compiled and analyse is easily done because every employee are asked the same question (Directory Journal 2007) Interviews (Figure 3) are able to ensure that the types of data collected from all sources are consistent and this information can be one persons opinion, or the entire organization. Questions that are selected help the organization to understand what they are trying to learn (Directory Journal 2007). In order to obtain a full understanding of the performance deficiencies it is important to obtain the employees comments. By asking intelligent questions and listening to them will build credibility from your interviewees. Personal involvement and commitment would be able to establish personal relationship with potential trainers that will be important to succeed as an analyst and trainer (Directory Journal 2007). This will be a four step process using Task Analysis (Figure 4) The analysis stage which is the first step involves accessing new employees training needs. The aim is to give new employees the skill and knowledge to do the job. Job description and job specification are important here as it will list the specific duties and skill which will be the reference points in determining the training required. By uncovering the training needs by reviewing the existing performance standards, performing the job and question the current job holders. The instructional Design, second step will consist of the duration which will take 4-12 weeks depending on size of the department. Involvement will be HR executives and manger conducting the ground work together with HR director at the final stage before feed back to the management on the result of each department. Cost will be minimal as the process of the data collection will conducted by the Human Resources department. The third step, program Implementation method that I would recommend for the different types of training methods is On the job training is the most popular or widely used method in todays organizations, it is the most familiar method whereby the experienced worker or trainee supervisor trains the employee. Job Instruction training Informal training, covers 80% of what employees learn on the job is not through formal training but informal means on a daily means while in collaboration with their colleagues Lecturers, lectures can be boring but it is a quick and simple way to present knowledge to a large group of trainees or when the sales force is being introduced to a new product. Computer based training, trainers use interactive computer systems to increase the knowledge or skills. By using an interactive multimedia training which uses text, video, graphics, photos, animation and sound to allow the employee to interact. Evaluation is the final or fourth step. This process will involve determining the participant reaction to training program, how much participants have learned and transfer of the training back to the job. This information gathered is then used in the next cycle of training needs assessment. Ranking, the approach is relatively simple and if there are few jobs involved it tends to work. Identify the key jobs and interpolate where each is in ranking order. Job ranking will be difficult in large organizations because of unfamiliarity of the job. Grading is another form of ranking. Defined as a predetermined classification system in rising order of importance. It is widely used, simple to understand and simple to administer and implement. Point assessment developed to evaluate managerial and technical jobs. Popular and wide used because of its points factor, whereby enables inter-company job and pay comparison. Job analysis also identifies the expertise and experience required, accountabilities, freedom to decide and act, number of staff supervised and position within the organization (Managing People Manual) Chapter Five Critical Success Factors As Dutch Lady continue to create awareness as a collective responsibility, that its employees will continue to practice prevention of injuries and occupational health hazard as an assurance to the public when carrying out business activities. Talent Assessment Programme continues to identify and develop future leaders, therefore results obtained from TNA will assist to identify and develop young employees into Dutch Lady Graduate Trainee Programme that will have excellent leadership and managerial qualities. Long term service appreciation will continue to be practised at Dutch Lady for employees that served for 10 to 25 years. Moreover special retirement awards are also handed out to retiring employees. As an organization with diversity in its employees Dutch Lady believes in strengthening bonds of friendship and relationship creating a sense of belonging among the employees. Annual Dinner, Family Day and Sports Club are some of the many ways of bringing families of all hierarchy in the organization to commune together as a family are some of the objectives that are achieved. Conclusion Employee development will always be an on-going process for the organization. In order to continue to retain employees, the organization has to make employee development part of its core objectives and also to keep ahead of the business environment. A learning organization is always a fruitful and ever evolving in its industry and worldwide.

Biogeography as Evidence That Evolution Accounts for Diversity of Life

2) Biogeography is one source of evidence that evolution accounts for the diversity of life. Biogeography is the study of the geographic distribution of species and has contributed evidence for descent from common ancestors, which was hypothesized by Charles Darwin. Darwin and Alfred Wallace were both very interested in biogeography, which provided Darwin with evidence for evolution. Species distribution can be accounted for by ecological factors or by historical factors. The three major historical factors affecting geographic distribution are dispersal, extinction and vicariance. Island biogeography has been extensively studied to show the evolution of species due to geographic barriers. Biogeography along with the history of the earth lends supporting evidence to evolution and the diversity of life on earth. Darwin showed that biogeographic facts make sense if a species has a definite site of origin, achieves a broader distribution by dispersal, and becomes modified giving rise to descendent species in the regions in which it migrates. He noticed that unrelated organisms inhabit parts of the world with similar climates and habitats, such as Old and New World organisms. Darwin also found that organisms of various regions may be different due to barriers or obstacles that may limit migration. He also stated that there is a relation between inhabitants of the same continent or sea but that species differ from place to place. An example of this is aquatic rodents of South America are related to mountainous and grassland rodents of South America, but not to aquatic rodents of North America. Alfred Wallace noticed that several higher taxa had similar distributions and that the composition of biota is more uniform within certain regions then between them. He had collected specimens in the Malay Archipelago and had thought of natural selection. He did extensive field work in the Amazon and noticed that geographic barriers, such as the Amazon River itself, separated the ranges of closely related species. These observations led him to designate several biogeographic realms. He observed that the fauna of Australia and Asia were different and the break between them is known as the Wallace Line. Historical factors affecting geographic distributions of species include extinction, dispersal, and vicariance. Extinction of certain opulations reduces the distribution of species but it also allows for diversification. Extinctions are selective in that some species are more likely to survive then others. For example, gastropods with wide geographic and ecological distributions and those with many species survived the end-Permian extinction. Extinction can lead to diversification in that it resets the stage for evolutionary radiations, perhaps by p ermitting the appearance of new community structures. Futuyma suggests that the extinction of one group permits the efflorescence of others, which is also shown in the fossil record. Dispersal and vicariance are the major hypotheses attributing to a taxon’s distribution. An example of vicarance is taxa that have members on different land masses in the Southern Hemisphere, which is hypothesized to be due to the breakup of Gondwanaland isolating descendents of common ancestors. America, Africa, Madagascar, and India are all home to the freshwater fishes, cichlids. Molecular phylogenetic analyses has shown that two sister clades of cichlids have been found, one consisting of Madagascan and Indian species, and the other of two monophyletic groups, one in Africa and one in South America. However, the splits between the clades are more recent than the breakup of Gondwanaland which suggests that perhaps the cichlids achieved their distribution by dispersal. Both vicariance and dispersal could be the likely cause of the geographic distribution of cichlids. Species expand their ranges by dispersal which is a critical process for geographic isolation in evolution and the current geographic distributions. Most species are restricted to certain biogeographic realms by their dispersal ability but many species have expanded their range due to human transplant. For example, the European starling has expanded in North America following its introduction into New York City in 1896 (Futuyma, 2005). Transplanted species may disrupt the ecosystem at its new location by evolving and adapting to the new environment, possibly causing the extinction of native species. Adaptation to the environment as a primary product of evolution was suggested by Jean Baptiste Lamarck who believed that evolution is the best explanation of the diversity of life. Vicariance is the separation of populations of a widespread species by barriers arising from changes in climate, geology, or habitat. Vicariance can lead to speciation if populations are separated by a geographic barrier and evolve genetic reproductive isolation such that if the barrier disappears, the species can no longer interbreed. Natural selection is a powerful evolutionary force and therefore the genetic changes that result in reproductive isolation in vicariant speciation are likely due to adaptive evolution. Several geological processes can fragment a population into two, such as a mountain range emerging, rivers, lakes, or land bridges. Island biogeography is a very good example of evidence for evolution. Islands are generally where endemic species of plants and animals are found but Darwin observed that most island species are closely related to species from the nearest mainland or neighbouring island. Two islands that have similar environments in different parts of the world are populated by species that are taxonomically affiliated with the plants and animals of the nearest mainland which generally has a different environment. Speciation may occur on islands if a species that disperses from a mainland to an island succeeds in its new environment and gives rise to several new species as populations spread to other islands. Once isolated, geographically separated populations become genetically differentiated as a result of mutation and other processes such as natural selection. Environmental factors are likely to be different from one place to another so natural selection can contribute to geographic variation, differences in the gene pool between populations. Speciation is often a gradual process as the reproductive barriers between the groups is only partial in the beginning but leads to complete reproduction separation (Campbell and Reece, 2002). An example of vicariance and island biogeography is the finches on the Galapagos Islands. Darwin noticed that the finches he collected from the islands were very similar, but that they were in fact different species. Some were unique to individual islands, while other species were distributed on two or more islands that were close together. New finch species had arisen from an ancestral form by the gradual accumulation of adaptations to a different environment. For example, the different beak sizes of the finches are adapted to the specific food available to them on their home island. This is an example of species adapting and evolving to suit their new environment. The Hawaiian Islands are another example of the world’s showcase of evolution and island biogeography. Each island started bare but was gradually populated by species that either rode ocean currents or blew over in the wind, either from distant islands or continents. The physical diversity of each island provides many different environmental opportunities for evolutionary divergence by natural selection. Many of the plants and animals that are currently found on the islands are found nowhere else in the world, they are endemic to the Hawaiian archipelago (Campbell and Reece, 2002). The history of earth also helps to explain the current geographic distribution of species. For example, the emergence of volcanic islands such as the Galapagos opens new environments for species to inhabit and adaptive radiation fills many of the available niches with new species. On a global scale, continental drift is a major factor correlated with the spatial distribution of life and with such evolutionary episodes as mass extinctions followed by increases in biological diversity. The continents drift about earth’s surface on plates of crust floating on the hot mantle and their positions can therefore change relative to one another. At the end of the Paleozoic era, plate movements brought all the landmasses together into a super continent named Pangaea. Species that had been evolving in isolation were brought together at this point and forced to compete. The formation of Pangea reduced shoreline, drained shallow coastal areas, changed the climate and increased the area inland destroying a considerable amount of habitat and reshaping biodiversity. During the Mesozoic, Pangaea broke apart creating new continents that became separate evolutionary areas allowing flora and fauna to diverge. The diversity of life on earth is due to millions of years of evolution. Darwin and Wallace were both important figures in the field of biogeography as their interest and research led to ideas that are still apparent today. Historical geographic factors and the history of the earth are a few aspects that have led to current biodiversity. Biogeography shows compelling evidence that species evolve through natural selection by adapting to new environments. Speciation will continue to occur as the environment changes and as the continents continue to drift. References: Campbell, N. A, and Reece, J. B. 2002. Biology; Sixth Edition. Benjamin Cummings, San Francisco. Futuyma, D. J. 2005. Evolution. Sinauer Associates Inc. , Massachusetts.

Lord of the Flies

In this essay, I will talk about the key points that led to the loss of civilization. â€Å"We did everything adults would do. What went wrong? † -William Gilding, Lord of the Flies The first point, I would like to introduce Is Jack's Impact on the community. Jack Is a very strong individual, who believes that If you can't solve a problem, you should Just avoid it. As well as that he Is the oldest and the strongest, which In theory should make him sensible, despite that, he chooses not to support rules and senselessly. â€Å"Jack's face swam near him. â€Å"And you shut pulp Who are you, anyway? Sitting there telling people what to do.You ant hunt, you can't sing?† â€Å"I'm chief. I was chosen. † â€Å"Why should choosing make any difference? Just giving orders that don't make any sense† Now it is quite obvious, that Jack represents an autocratic government, where power is taken; and Ralph represents democratic governments, where power is given. Moreover , Jack understands mob mentality, and uses physical examples, of tortures to threaten other savages. As a result of Jack's actions, mob mentality starts to grow. Mob mentality, happens when individuals, act as a group. Therefore, they try to hide their personality, which makes them free of all laws and obligations.An example In the book would be how the savages, attacked Rally's shelters and they weren't' even sorry for a bit, but If adults would've been there†¦ â€Å"Someone was throwing stones: Roger was dropping them, his one hand still on the lever. Below him, Ralph was a shock of hair and Piggy a bag of fat. † William Gilding, Lord of the Flies. To Roger, it is literally indifferent, who Ralph and Piggy are. To him, they are Just a ‘shock of Hair' and ‘a bag of fat'. It is impossible that Roger would have pushed the lever, if adults were there and Jack wasn't. This is how mob mentality influences the people.It can also be seen, when all of the characters are present at the killing of Simon. Another important factor, responsible for the loss of civilization, is the death of Simon. It can be described as the watershed moment, because after that they aren't afraid to kill. If he was regarded as the ‘Beast', killing him didn't stop the boys being scared of the ‘Beast'. â€Å"We was [was >were] on the outside. We never done nothing, we never seen nothing. † [Salad Ralph] Lord of the Flies, William Gilding. Ralph tells Piggy; hide the fact, that they were both present at the murder of Simon.Ralph is still ashamed that they hadn't stopped the savages. Above all, darkness and evil of humanity affected the boys, the most. Gilding, himself fought in the WI and saw Hiroshima, AS concentration camps and much more; so he really understands what mankind is capable of. â€Å"Maybe there is a beast What I mean is†¦ Maybe it's only us. † Lord of the Flies, William Gilding Simon and Piggy achieve same-but-different con clusions. Piggy has rational, external, empirical attitude, saying: we're afraid of each other. Simon has a more spiritual believe: it's not each other we need to be afraid of, but us.In Lord of the Flies, Gilding expresses the real side of the human-beings. â€Å"What a man does defines him, not what is done by others. † William Gilding. To conclude my essay, those were the main points that influenced the loss of civilization: Jacks impact, mob mentality, murder of Simon and the darkness & evil of humanity. Those aren't all the point that affected it. I personally didn't like the book- I think it was boring. â€Å"The writer probably knows what he meant when he wrote a book, but he should immediately forget what he meant when he's written it. † William Gilding Lord of the flies Slipping Away William Gilding states â€Å"†¦ The shape of society must depend on the ethical nature of the Individual. † In Lord of the Flies when he brings two tribes of boys together to sustain an island surrounded by evil (204). Upon analyzing Gildings characters, we can see that the boys stranded on the island are willing to do anything to anyone in order to survive. Despite the evil in Roger and Jack, the innocence and good in Piggy and Ralph surfaces.When we look at the way Gilding describes the boys on the Island, we can all twice the change within all of them. In the beginning of the novel the kids are innocent British school boys, but later Jack transforms into a child whoso obsessed with hunting. Jack is only interested in torturing and killing the pig when he â€Å"raised his spear and sneaked forward† (135). Just how much one can change because of their surroundings. Ralph and Jack have tension between them most of the time because Ralph can clearly se e the transformation within Jack.Because of the darkness In Jack, it highlights the Innocence In Piggy when he believes â€Å"[they'd] hurt he next telling. ,. And that's [him]† (93). Piggy feels that without any reason no one would survive on the island. Because of the chaos on the island, Piggy's constantly paranoid. In a world of destruction, the worst comes out from the good. As we observe Roger, we can infer the changes he comes across. As Jack and Roger are trying to kill Ralph, they set the island on fire. When the twins are being held captive by Roger, they explain to Ralph how â€Å"they hate [him]† (188).Jack and Roger were childish enough to set their environment on fire Just to get what they want. They want the rest of the boys to be on their side and in order to do that they have to exile Ralph. Clinton 2 While Jack and Roger are trying to find Ralph, Sam n Eric find him first and warn him how â€Å"[Rorer's] a terror† (189). Roger is the one in cha rge of murdering Ralph or Jack would be the one â€Å"sharpening the stick. † The island Is obviously changing more than one of the boys. Not only do bad things happen to good people, but good people can turn bad.When Piggy and Ralph find the rest of the boys, Ralph starts mentally hurting Piggy. Piggy's insecurities show when they talk about him â€Å"being called Piggy† (25). With this Ralph goes behind Piggy's back and tells the tribe his name is â€Å"Piggy. † Ralph is displaying his callousness to Piggy now that the rest of the boys are there. He's trying to come off's the leader type for the first time impression. In the same scene when thieve Introducing themselves, Ralph continues to push Piggy around by telling him to â€Å"go back, and take names. That's your job. So long† (157).Ralph turns bossy and thinks he can tell everyone what to do and how to do it. Piggy feels that Ralph thinks he's better than him to show off for the rest of the tribe. Ralph believes that now he's chief he doesn't have to do any of the hard work and he can make everyone else do it. All Piggy wants is for Ralph to have his back and be his friend. However, Plays being the only voice of reason makes him the weak target. In the speak† (44). The rest of the boys believe they can push piggy around. He feels unwanted and nobody understands him and his needs.He notices Ralph becoming angry when he's constantly shouting â€Å"shut up† at him. Not only does Piggy have ideas to get off the island alive, but nobody acknowledges him. He believes they are turning against each other and attacking. The tribes think being on the island is a lot of fun. Piggy thinks â€Å"rules are they only thing [they've] got† (91). Piggy Just wants to be friends with everyone, but since they pick on him and Hess so gullible, that can't happen. He thinks â€Å"the world is slipping away' when the boys become something they aren't (204).Ultimately, the good in Ralph and Piggy comes out do to the darkness in Jack and Roger. In the novel, William Gilding places two tribes of boy to survive the evil within themselves on an Clinton 3 island. They need to be able to handle themselves and each other in order to get off the island alive. William Gilding discusses how â€Å"the theme is an attempt to trace the defects of human society back to the defects of human nature† (204). He figured that if he put a group of boys in the wild to survive with only the clothes on their backs, they would turn into savages. Lord of the flies Slipping Away William Gilding states â€Å"†¦ The shape of society must depend on the ethical nature of the Individual. † In Lord of the Flies when he brings two tribes of boys together to sustain an island surrounded by evil (204). Upon analyzing Gildings characters, we can see that the boys stranded on the island are willing to do anything to anyone in order to survive. Despite the evil in Roger and Jack, the innocence and good in Piggy and Ralph surfaces.When we look at the way Gilding describes the boys on the Island, we can all twice the change within all of them. In the beginning of the novel the kids are innocent British school boys, but later Jack transforms into a child whoso obsessed with hunting. Jack is only interested in torturing and killing the pig when he â€Å"raised his spear and sneaked forward† (135). Just how much one can change because of their surroundings. Ralph and Jack have tension between them most of the time because Ralph can clearly se e the transformation within Jack.Because of the darkness In Jack, it highlights the Innocence In Piggy when he believes â€Å"[they'd] hurt he next telling. ,. And that's [him]† (93). Piggy feels that without any reason no one would survive on the island. Because of the chaos on the island, Piggy's constantly paranoid. In a world of destruction, the worst comes out from the good. As we observe Roger, we can infer the changes he comes across. As Jack and Roger are trying to kill Ralph, they set the island on fire. When the twins are being held captive by Roger, they explain to Ralph how â€Å"they hate [him]† (188).Jack and Roger were childish enough to set their environment on fire Just to get what they want. They want the rest of the boys to be on their side and in order to do that they have to exile Ralph. Clinton 2 While Jack and Roger are trying to find Ralph, Sam n Eric find him first and warn him how â€Å"[Rorer's] a terror† (189). Roger is the one in cha rge of murdering Ralph or Jack would be the one â€Å"sharpening the stick. † The island Is obviously changing more than one of the boys. Not only do bad things happen to good people, but good people can turn bad.When Piggy and Ralph find the rest of the boys, Ralph starts mentally hurting Piggy. Piggy's insecurities show when they talk about him â€Å"being called Piggy† (25). With this Ralph goes behind Piggy's back and tells the tribe his name is â€Å"Piggy. † Ralph is displaying his callousness to Piggy now that the rest of the boys are there. He's trying to come off's the leader type for the first time impression. In the same scene when thieve Introducing themselves, Ralph continues to push Piggy around by telling him to â€Å"go back, and take names. That's your job. So long† (157).Ralph turns bossy and thinks he can tell everyone what to do and how to do it. Piggy feels that Ralph thinks he's better than him to show off for the rest of the tribe. Ralph believes that now he's chief he doesn't have to do any of the hard work and he can make everyone else do it. All Piggy wants is for Ralph to have his back and be his friend. However, Plays being the only voice of reason makes him the weak target. In the speak† (44). The rest of the boys believe they can push piggy around. He feels unwanted and nobody understands him and his needs.He notices Ralph becoming angry when he's constantly shouting â€Å"shut up† at him. Not only does Piggy have ideas to get off the island alive, but nobody acknowledges him. He believes they are turning against each other and attacking. The tribes think being on the island is a lot of fun. Piggy thinks â€Å"rules are they only thing [they've] got† (91). Piggy Just wants to be friends with everyone, but since they pick on him and Hess so gullible, that can't happen. He thinks â€Å"the world is slipping away' when the boys become something they aren't (204).Ultimately, the good in Ralph and Piggy comes out do to the darkness in Jack and Roger. In the novel, William Gilding places two tribes of boy to survive the evil within themselves on an Clinton 3 island. They need to be able to handle themselves and each other in order to get off the island alive. William Gilding discusses how â€Å"the theme is an attempt to trace the defects of human society back to the defects of human nature† (204). He figured that if he put a group of boys in the wild to survive with only the clothes on their backs, they would turn into savages. Lord of the Flies KOURTNIE MCLAURIN ENGLISH 4 DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY: LORD OF THE FLIES MAIN CHARACTER: RALPH Lord of the Flies is a novel by author William Golding. Lord of the Flies story line is about a group of British boys stuck on an uninhabited island who try to govern themselves, with disastrous results. The setting takes place on an unnamed island, during a nuclear war. The book sets out their descent into brutality, left to them in an exquisite country, far from modern civilization, the well-educated children regress to a primitive state.Ralph, one of the older boys, is the protagonist of the novel who at first is overjoyed to be on a tropical island free from adult restraints. He is neither the smartest nor the strongest but has a kind of quiet charisma and good looks. He tries to keep the boys focused on trained order and the rules of civilization but loses his authority and almost his life to Jack’s, the antagonist of the story, seizure of power. By nature, he is an innocent, mild- temp ered boy who accepts leadership when it is thrown at him. He portrayed as a democratic leader who tries to keep the boys together on the island.Ralph has courage when the occasion demands it, but he really longs for the secure world of grown-ups, especially when order starts breaking down on the island. He dreams about a rescue and insists the signal fire burn at all times so that they can be seen. There’s conflict. Ralph knows that the main reason for the disorder on the island is Jack, representation of evil in the novel. There is a constant conflict between the two boys. Ralph stands for civilized ideals, while Jack leads a tribe of savages and lapses into primitive rituals. In the midst of the savagery, Ralph holds on to rationality and the hope of rescue.There is only one occasion when Ralph lapses into mild savagery; it occurs when he joins the ritual dance at the feast, the same feast where Simon is killed. The guilt that Ralph experiences as an outcome of his being a part of Simon's death is unbearable. It forces him to totally accept the fallen nature of all mankind. Armed with the truth, like Simon before him, he becomes the hunted animal, full of desperation and despair. Only civilization, which appears in the form of the naval officer, can save Ralph from the savagery that surrounds him. Lord of the Flies Daniel Santana Mrs. Caston English CP9, Period 1 6/6/12 Essay for LORD OF THE FLIES When man is taken or is separated from civilization, man can become primitive. In the novel Lord of the Flies, William Golding addresses what happens to man when they are taken out of civilization. The book begins with a plane that is filled with British school boys that crashes on an abandoned island. Since there are no adults with them on the island, the boys are forced to create their own civil society which slowly falls apart throughout the novel.In the novel Golding states that the boys are becoming uncivilized when they talk about the beast and what it is, the murder of Piggy, and the hunting of Ralph. One way the boys are becoming less civilized is when they start to fear that there is a beast on the island. For example Golding writes, â€Å"In a moment the platform was full of arguing and gesticulating shadows to, Ralph, seated, this seemed the breaking up of sanity. Fear, beast, no general a greement that the fire was all important†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (88).This shows that the boys have lost their sense of worldly reason of the world and their fear has now created the ‘Beast’ that roams within the sea. It also shows that they have so much fear that they have no agreement to have the fire keep going so they can be rescued. Later in the story the children chant, â€Å"‘Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood! Do him in! ’†¦The beast was on its knees in the center, its arms folded over its face. It was crying out against the abominable noise, something about a body on the hill.The beast struggled forward, broke the ring, and fell over the steep edge of the rock†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (153). This shows that they boys are overcome by the fear of the beast they turn to a primitive state to deal with this fear and they kill the beast without knowing it was Simon. This act shows in their rage against the beast they don’t hear Simon as he tries to tell the boys there is no beast while they are stabbing him. These quotes clearly lay out how the boys become more savage like from their fear of the ‘beast’ on the island. Another way that the boys were becoming uncivilized is when they murdered Piggy.For example, once the boys break into two tribes, â€Å"Jack had backed right against the tribe and they were a solid menace that bristled with spears. The intention of a charge was forming among them†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (180). This shows that they are becoming uncivilized because when Piggy is talking he’s saying that if it is beater to be savages than having law and order the hunters are about to attack them. Also it shows that Jack and his hunters have converted to savagery. In addition Golding describes the murderess act, â€Å"High overhead, Roger, with a sense of delirious abandonment, leaned all his weight on the lever† (180).This shows that Roger has no reason for what he is going to do, he’s actin g on impulse. Also its shows that they have lost everything that is good to man and now they have become savages. These examples demonstrate the extreme loss of a civilized behavior. Another example of the boys becoming less uncivilized is when they and hunt Ralph so they can kill him. For example Samneric are talking, â€Å"I dunno. And Ralph, Jack, the chief says it’ll be dangerous—and we’ve got to be careful; and throw our spears like at a pig† (188). This shows that the boys have no sympathy for taking a human life.Also it shows that the boys are going to hunt Ralph as if he was an animal. In addition Ralph talks to Samneric and continue to explain, â€Å"‘What are you going to do—? From the top of the towering rock came the incomprehensible reply. ‘Roger sharpened a stick at both ends,† (180). This shows that the boys have no lost their sanity and now they are complete savages. They transposed from having law and order to be ing savages so they can kill Ralph. In conclusion, the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding illustrates the boy’s loss of civilization.When the boys talk about the beast and fear it, they become less civilized because they would stop at nothing to kill the beast and push back the time of being rescued further. The death of piggy illustrates the boy’s loss of civilized behavior because they have no remorse for taking the life of a human being. The have completely lost their civilized behavior because they hunt Ralph and they would stop at nothing to kill him cause he is seen as a threat to Jacks new, wild society. When human beings are taken from society over time they will become savage like and lose reason for what they do. Lord of the Flies ‘Lord of the Flies’ is frequently read as the story of changing identities. The plot gives an opportunity to trace the process, in which several boys turn into savage beasts on an isolated island. These changes do not occur overnight, but are accompanied by a series of profound implications, which make the story extremely realistic and teaching. In this essay I will turn my attention to exploring this process of losing identity and ultimate human devastation. ‘Lord of the Flies’ is the narration about the three identities, lost through violence, savageness, and inner moral conflict. Identity loss as the leading theme of the book The loss of identity among boys and their ultimate moral devastation is the major conflict of the book. Golding was extremely interested in investigating the inner causes and complications of such identity loss. It is difficult to justify these irreversible changes by external conditions in which the boys found themselves, yet for someone this justification may seem possible. The fight between their freedom and self-control has become the biggest challenge the boys had to face. In this fight self-control was tragically defeated, giving place to wildness, cruelty, desolation and violence. The humans are weak under the rays of freedom which are colored with unreason and the desire to hurt. Those boys have become the brightest depiction of the traditional human identity, regularly exposed to temptations which it cannot stand. Ralph and his changing identity ‘Ralph too was fighting to get near, to get a handful of that brown, vulnerable flesh. The desire to squeeze and hurt was over-mastering.’[1] Ralph’s presence on the island led him to the state when he could not control his premature instincts anymore. The outstanding feature of Ralph’s personality in this story is that he experienced the loss of his identity twice: the first took place when he appeared on the island, and the second occurred after he was elected the leader and could not successfully hold that position. The change which occurred to Ralph could be connected to some magic spell of the island, but unfortunately this change found its reasonable explanation. Ralph was a well-bred and disciplined young boy, but being on an island without any adults significantly contributes into his identity loss. He could not perform the role of the leader and reasonably recognized the difficulties of being without parents. The loss of his leadership identity made him realize his ineffectiveness which he tried to compensate through cruelty and violence. ‘Ralph went for the end of innocence, the darkness of man’s heart, and the fall through the air of a true, wise friend called Piggy.’[2] The moment when Ralph sees the officer and realizes that his life is saved, becomes the culmination of his devastation: he simultaneously perceives the irreversibility of his change and the power of evil which exists in every human soul. Jack as the symbol of release from former identities Jack is completely different from Ralph; he is not subjected to reflecting upon the despair of his identity loss. ‘I’m scared of him, and that’s why I know him. If you’re scared of someone you hate him but you can’t stop thinking about him. You kid yourself he’s all right really, an’ them when you see him again; it’s like asthma an’ you can’t breathe.’[3] In his identity loss and devastation Jack has gone beyond reasonable measures, making the other boys afraid of him. He has demonstrated his ill nature to the fullest. Through his example, the reader reveals the tragic truth: human evil does not have any measures. The mask which he used in hunting, in reality was ‘a thing on its own, behind which Jack hid, liberated from shame and self-consciousness.’[4] He was unreasonable enough to call for disregarding his leadership, which broke one of the major human principles, and led to disorder and freedom to fight with each other. Piggy: a tragic victim of his identity loss Out of the three major characters, Piggy is the most civilized, and the biggest victim of the identity loss among the boys. This may put a contradictory tint onto the whole discussion: the reader risks thinking that reason cannot lead to any positive outcomes. Yet, this assumption is deceptive. Piggy’s age and appearance (glasses, in particular) turn him into an outcast from the start. His identity is lost through the efforts of others: he is called fatty, and he is mocked on for wearing glasses. These glasses are inseparable from his identity, as they let him watch the world in its true colors. As soon as they are taken by other boys to make the fire, he realizes that blindness and identity loss are synonymic. The loss of his identity has not led to devastation: it has led to his death which made him the victim of those who had lost their identities earlier. ‘How can you expect to be rescued if you don’t put first things first and act proper?’[5] The tragic character of Piggy’s identity loss is that it did not stem from Piggy’s character but was urged by other’s cruelty. He was the only person who lost his identity through his death. Conclusion The process of identity loss leading to devastation starts from the moment boys appear on the island. They do not display any strivings towards rescuing themselves, but prefer swimming in the lagoon. They hide their faces behind the masks, and hide from consciousness, shame, and reason. Their education is turned into primitiveness – the brightest sign of identity loss. Trying to kill the boar and dancing around it in the blood dance is the scene at which transformation into savages and as a result, identity loss is completed. There is no way back towards being civilized. The gradual degradation which all boys experienced broke all connections with their previous world. The appearance of the officer on the island has indicated total devastation of the boys’ moral identity. BIBLIOGRAPHY GOLDING, William, Lord of the Fli [1] W. Golding, Lord of the Flies, Penguin Non-Classics, 1999, p. 103. [2] ibid.,   p. 184. [3] ibid., p. 83. [4] ibid., p. 55. [5] ibid., p. 38. Lord of the Flies Bianca Adams Ms. Knapp Honors English 16 April 2013 Lord of the Flies: Formal Essay The Bible is the number one selling book in the world almost every year. Christianity has had a huge influence on literature, and music today. A commonly known rapper named Tupac often uses God in his music. For example in his song â€Å"Only God Can Judge Me† he says â€Å"Oh my Lord, tell me what I'm livin for everybody’s droppin got me knockin on heaven's door.Even though American Schools are secular environments, the Bible is still often represented in the curriculum. In the novel there are many ways to show that there’s an allegory towards the Bible. For example, William Golding uses his characters in the novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies† to symbolize Biblical ideas. In chapter 1 when the plane crashes with the choir boys, Ralph removes his clothes and bathes in the water, which shows an act of Baptism. Baptism is something that happens so your sins can be washed away.Al so the snake thing being referred to all the time in the book can relate to Satan in the garden of Eden. Satan often described himself as serpent. But unlike Adam & Eve the boys from the plane crash were mistaken about the creature. They were even unable to recognize the danger of evil within themselves that propels them to violence. Such as torturing the pigs in such a cruel way just to satisfy their hunger. Simon is the Christ figure Lord of the Flies Daniel Santana Mrs. Caston English CP9, Period 1 6/6/12 Essay for LORD OF THE FLIES When man is taken or is separated from civilization, man can become primitive. In the novel Lord of the Flies, William Golding addresses what happens to man when they are taken out of civilization. The book begins with a plane that is filled with British school boys that crashes on an abandoned island. Since there are no adults with them on the island, the boys are forced to create their own civil society which slowly falls apart throughout the novel.In the novel Golding states that the boys are becoming uncivilized when they talk about the beast and what it is, the murder of Piggy, and the hunting of Ralph. One way the boys are becoming less civilized is when they start to fear that there is a beast on the island. For example Golding writes, â€Å"In a moment the platform was full of arguing and gesticulating shadows to, Ralph, seated, this seemed the breaking up of sanity. Fear, beast, no general a greement that the fire was all important†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (88).This shows that the boys have lost their sense of worldly reason of the world and their fear has now created the ‘Beast’ that roams within the sea. It also shows that they have so much fear that they have no agreement to have the fire keep going so they can be rescued. Later in the story the children chant, â€Å"‘Kill the beast! Cut his throat! Spill his blood! Do him in! ’†¦The beast was on its knees in the center, its arms folded over its face. It was crying out against the abominable noise, something about a body on the hill.The beast struggled forward, broke the ring, and fell over the steep edge of the rock†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (153). This shows that they boys are overcome by the fear of the beast they turn to a primitive state to deal with this fear and they kill the beast without knowing it was Simon. This act shows in their rage against the beast they don’t hear Simon as he tries to tell the boys there is no beast while they are stabbing him. These quotes clearly lay out how the boys become more savage like from their fear of the ‘beast’ on the island. Another way that the boys were becoming uncivilized is when they murdered Piggy.For example, once the boys break into two tribes, â€Å"Jack had backed right against the tribe and they were a solid menace that bristled with spears. The intention of a charge was forming among them†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (180). This shows that they are becoming uncivilized because when Piggy is talking he’s saying that if it is beater to be savages than having law and order the hunters are about to attack them. Also it shows that Jack and his hunters have converted to savagery. In addition Golding describes the murderess act, â€Å"High overhead, Roger, with a sense of delirious abandonment, leaned all his weight on the lever† (180).This shows that Roger has no reason for what he is going to do, he’s actin g on impulse. Also its shows that they have lost everything that is good to man and now they have become savages. These examples demonstrate the extreme loss of a civilized behavior. Another example of the boys becoming less uncivilized is when they and hunt Ralph so they can kill him. For example Samneric are talking, â€Å"I dunno. And Ralph, Jack, the chief says it’ll be dangerous—and we’ve got to be careful; and throw our spears like at a pig† (188). This shows that the boys have no sympathy for taking a human life.Also it shows that the boys are going to hunt Ralph as if he was an animal. In addition Ralph talks to Samneric and continue to explain, â€Å"‘What are you going to do—? From the top of the towering rock came the incomprehensible reply. ‘Roger sharpened a stick at both ends,† (180). This shows that the boys have no lost their sanity and now they are complete savages. They transposed from having law and order to be ing savages so they can kill Ralph. In conclusion, the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding illustrates the boy’s loss of civilization.When the boys talk about the beast and fear it, they become less civilized because they would stop at nothing to kill the beast and push back the time of being rescued further. The death of piggy illustrates the boy’s loss of civilized behavior because they have no remorse for taking the life of a human being. The have completely lost their civilized behavior because they hunt Ralph and they would stop at nothing to kill him cause he is seen as a threat to Jacks new, wild society. When human beings are taken from society over time they will become savage like and lose reason for what they do. Lord of the Flies KOURTNIE MCLAURIN ENGLISH 4 DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY: LORD OF THE FLIES MAIN CHARACTER: RALPH Lord of the Flies is a novel by author William Golding. Lord of the Flies story line is about a group of British boys stuck on an uninhabited island who try to govern themselves, with disastrous results. The setting takes place on an unnamed island, during a nuclear war. The book sets out their descent into brutality, left to them in an exquisite country, far from modern civilization, the well-educated children regress to a primitive state.Ralph, one of the older boys, is the protagonist of the novel who at first is overjoyed to be on a tropical island free from adult restraints. He is neither the smartest nor the strongest but has a kind of quiet charisma and good looks. He tries to keep the boys focused on trained order and the rules of civilization but loses his authority and almost his life to Jack’s, the antagonist of the story, seizure of power. By nature, he is an innocent, mild- temp ered boy who accepts leadership when it is thrown at him. He portrayed as a democratic leader who tries to keep the boys together on the island.Ralph has courage when the occasion demands it, but he really longs for the secure world of grown-ups, especially when order starts breaking down on the island. He dreams about a rescue and insists the signal fire burn at all times so that they can be seen. There’s conflict. Ralph knows that the main reason for the disorder on the island is Jack, representation of evil in the novel. There is a constant conflict between the two boys. Ralph stands for civilized ideals, while Jack leads a tribe of savages and lapses into primitive rituals. In the midst of the savagery, Ralph holds on to rationality and the hope of rescue.There is only one occasion when Ralph lapses into mild savagery; it occurs when he joins the ritual dance at the feast, the same feast where Simon is killed. The guilt that Ralph experiences as an outcome of his being a part of Simon's death is unbearable. It forces him to totally accept the fallen nature of all mankind. Armed with the truth, like Simon before him, he becomes the hunted animal, full of desperation and despair. Only civilization, which appears in the form of the naval officer, can save Ralph from the savagery that surrounds him. Lord of the Flies Bianca Adams Ms. Knapp Honors English 16 April 2013 Lord of the Flies: Formal Essay The Bible is the number one selling book in the world almost every year. Christianity has had a huge influence on literature, and music today. A commonly known rapper named Tupac often uses God in his music. For example in his song â€Å"Only God Can Judge Me† he says â€Å"Oh my Lord, tell me what I'm livin for everybody’s droppin got me knockin on heaven's door.Even though American Schools are secular environments, the Bible is still often represented in the curriculum. In the novel there are many ways to show that there’s an allegory towards the Bible. For example, William Golding uses his characters in the novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies† to symbolize Biblical ideas. In chapter 1 when the plane crashes with the choir boys, Ralph removes his clothes and bathes in the water, which shows an act of Baptism. Baptism is something that happens so your sins can be washed away.Al so the snake thing being referred to all the time in the book can relate to Satan in the garden of Eden. Satan often described himself as serpent. But unlike Adam & Eve the boys from the plane crash were mistaken about the creature. They were even unable to recognize the danger of evil within themselves that propels them to violence. Such as torturing the pigs in such a cruel way just to satisfy their hunger. Simon is the Christ figure Lord of the flies Slipping Away William Gilding states â€Å"†¦ The shape of society must depend on the ethical nature of the Individual. † In Lord of the Flies when he brings two tribes of boys together to sustain an island surrounded by evil (204). Upon analyzing Gildings characters, we can see that the boys stranded on the island are willing to do anything to anyone in order to survive. Despite the evil in Roger and Jack, the innocence and good in Piggy and Ralph surfaces.When we look at the way Gilding describes the boys on the Island, we can all twice the change within all of them. In the beginning of the novel the kids are innocent British school boys, but later Jack transforms into a child whoso obsessed with hunting. Jack is only interested in torturing and killing the pig when he â€Å"raised his spear and sneaked forward† (135). Just how much one can change because of their surroundings. Ralph and Jack have tension between them most of the time because Ralph can clearly se e the transformation within Jack.Because of the darkness In Jack, it highlights the Innocence In Piggy when he believes â€Å"[they'd] hurt he next telling. ,. And that's [him]† (93). Piggy feels that without any reason no one would survive on the island. Because of the chaos on the island, Piggy's constantly paranoid. In a world of destruction, the worst comes out from the good. As we observe Roger, we can infer the changes he comes across. As Jack and Roger are trying to kill Ralph, they set the island on fire. When the twins are being held captive by Roger, they explain to Ralph how â€Å"they hate [him]† (188).Jack and Roger were childish enough to set their environment on fire Just to get what they want. They want the rest of the boys to be on their side and in order to do that they have to exile Ralph. Clinton 2 While Jack and Roger are trying to find Ralph, Sam n Eric find him first and warn him how â€Å"[Rorer's] a terror† (189). Roger is the one in cha rge of murdering Ralph or Jack would be the one â€Å"sharpening the stick. † The island Is obviously changing more than one of the boys. Not only do bad things happen to good people, but good people can turn bad.When Piggy and Ralph find the rest of the boys, Ralph starts mentally hurting Piggy. Piggy's insecurities show when they talk about him â€Å"being called Piggy† (25). With this Ralph goes behind Piggy's back and tells the tribe his name is â€Å"Piggy. † Ralph is displaying his callousness to Piggy now that the rest of the boys are there. He's trying to come off's the leader type for the first time impression. In the same scene when thieve Introducing themselves, Ralph continues to push Piggy around by telling him to â€Å"go back, and take names. That's your job. So long† (157).Ralph turns bossy and thinks he can tell everyone what to do and how to do it. Piggy feels that Ralph thinks he's better than him to show off for the rest of the tribe. Ralph believes that now he's chief he doesn't have to do any of the hard work and he can make everyone else do it. All Piggy wants is for Ralph to have his back and be his friend. However, Plays being the only voice of reason makes him the weak target. In the speak† (44). The rest of the boys believe they can push piggy around. He feels unwanted and nobody understands him and his needs.He notices Ralph becoming angry when he's constantly shouting â€Å"shut up† at him. Not only does Piggy have ideas to get off the island alive, but nobody acknowledges him. He believes they are turning against each other and attacking. The tribes think being on the island is a lot of fun. Piggy thinks â€Å"rules are they only thing [they've] got† (91). Piggy Just wants to be friends with everyone, but since they pick on him and Hess so gullible, that can't happen. He thinks â€Å"the world is slipping away' when the boys become something they aren't (204).Ultimately, the good in Ralph and Piggy comes out do to the darkness in Jack and Roger. In the novel, William Gilding places two tribes of boy to survive the evil within themselves on an Clinton 3 island. They need to be able to handle themselves and each other in order to get off the island alive. William Gilding discusses how â€Å"the theme is an attempt to trace the defects of human society back to the defects of human nature† (204). He figured that if he put a group of boys in the wild to survive with only the clothes on their backs, they would turn into savages. Lord of the Flies Bianca Adams Ms. Knapp Honors English 16 April 2013 Lord of the Flies: Formal Essay The Bible is the number one selling book in the world almost every year. Christianity has had a huge influence on literature, and music today. A commonly known rapper named Tupac often uses God in his music. For example in his song â€Å"Only God Can Judge Me† he says â€Å"Oh my Lord, tell me what I'm livin for everybody’s droppin got me knockin on heaven's door.Even though American Schools are secular environments, the Bible is still often represented in the curriculum. In the novel there are many ways to show that there’s an allegory towards the Bible. For example, William Golding uses his characters in the novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies† to symbolize Biblical ideas. In chapter 1 when the plane crashes with the choir boys, Ralph removes his clothes and bathes in the water, which shows an act of Baptism. Baptism is something that happens so your sins can be washed away.Al so the snake thing being referred to all the time in the book can relate to Satan in the garden of Eden. Satan often described himself as serpent. But unlike Adam & Eve the boys from the plane crash were mistaken about the creature. They were even unable to recognize the danger of evil within themselves that propels them to violence. Such as torturing the pigs in such a cruel way just to satisfy their hunger. Simon is the Christ figure